strip_zeroes() removed every leading zero, so "0" became "" and never
matched std::to_string(0). The ID was rejected as too large and the
feature was left without an ID. Keep the final digit.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_0172RxhnHkNgRZ3NBrsRJZYK
